Drilling machine



Jan. 26, 1954 w. N.'MARTIN DRILLING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 7, 1950 WilburMMwrl'izz (lttornegs Jan. 26, 1954 w; N. MARTIN DRILLING MACHINE 2 Sh cs-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 7, 1950 (Ittornegs Patented Jan. 26, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,667,333 DRILLING MACHINE Wilbur N. Martin, Canton, Ohio Application August 7, 1950, Serial No. 178,069

4 Claims.

The invention relates to drilling machines of the type in which the drilling is performed by means of a tool suspended upon a cable from a mast and reciprocated by driving mechanism.

While the drilling machine to which the invention pertains is adapted for drilling wells, it is especially designed for drilling holes for the rams in hydraulically operated elevators, and for this purpose it is necessary that the machine be so designed that it can be operated in the pit at the bottom of the elevator shaft.

It is therefore an object of the invention that the drilling machine be so constructed that the driving mechanism is located in upright position within an inverted, substantially U-shaped frame, which supports the mast, and that the cable leading from the drum of the driving mechanism to the sheave at the top of the mast, be located close to the mast, whereby the drilling machine may be located in a small space such as the pit at the bottom of an elevator shaft.

Another object is to provide a drilling machine of this character in which the mast is mounted for reciprocation within an upright, tubular support and reciprocated by a pitman rod and pitman wheel, forming a part of the driving mechanism, the pitman wheel being so located with reference to the mast that upon the upstroke the pivotal connection of the pitman rod to the pitman wheel will pass through a line which is an extension of the axis of the mast, whereby the upstroke of the mast will be relatively slow and the downstroke relatively fast in order to increase the efficiency of the drilling operation.

A further object is to provide an adjustment for the bearings of the pitman wheel, whereby the relative timing of the upstroke and downstroke of the mast may be varied.

A still further object is to provide a drilling machine of the character referred to in which hydraulic means is provided for producing an additional raising of the mast, to facilitate the placing of a new casing section in the well or the removal or replacing of the drilling tool, or other function.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system of idler sheaves or pulleys over which the cable is passed between the drum and the sheave at the top of the mast in order to locate the cable close to the mast.

A further object is to provide means for reciprocating the mast by fluid power by a ram or piston connected to the pitman rod.

A still further object is to provide a spring cushion between the upper end of the mast and the sheave over which the cable operates.

The above and other objects apparent from the drawings and following description, may be attained, and the advantages and results obtained, by the apparatus, construction, arrangement and combinations, sub-combinations and parts which comprise the present invention, a preferred embodiment of which, illustrative of the best mode in which applicant has contemplated applying the principle, being set forth in detail in the following description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a drilling machine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation, taken as on the line 22, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 an enlarged, longitudinal, sectional view of the mast and associated-parts;

Fig. 4 a view similar to Fig. 3 of a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 5 is similar view of a further modification; and

Fig. 6 a similar view of still another modification.

The machine may be mounted upon any suitable or conventional platform or base, as indicated generally at I0, and for the purpose of adjusting the angle of the mast, as well as for lowering the mast to horizontal position for transportation of the machine, a spaced pair of cars I I may be fixed upon said platform or base.

The inverted, substantially U-shaped frame, indicated generally at l 2, is connected at the lower end to the ears II as by bolts 13. This upright frame I2 houses the driving mechanism in upright position, as distinguished from the conventional drilling machine in which the driving mechanism is located in horizontal position at one side of the mast.

For the purpose of operating the driving mechanism, a motor 14, or other prime mover, is mounted upon a bracket l5 supported by the frame l2, and a series of belts or the like, as indicated at I6, is located around the pulley I! of the motor and around the drive pulley l8, which is mounted upon a drive shaft I9 journalled in bearings 20 mounted upon the side members 2! and intermediate member 22 of the frame l2.

A clutch 23 upon this shaft controls the sprocket wheel 24 which is connected by a chain 25 with the sprocket wheel 26 upon the sand -reel 21. A second clutch 28 controls the sprocket wheel 29 which is connected by a chain 30 with the sprocket wheel 3| upon the drum 32 of the machine.

A third clutch 33 controls the sprocket wheel 34 which is connected by a chain 35 with the sprocket wheel 36 fixed upon a shaft 31 journalled the pitman in bearings 38 which may be adjustably mounted upon one outer member 2! and the intermediate member 39 of the frame l2.

The pitman wheel 4!? is fixed upon the shaft 3i and the pitman rod ii is pivotally connected thereto as indicated at 42. For the purpose of changing the length of the stroke of the mast wheel may be provided with a plurality of differentially located apertures, as indicated at 42c and 42b, for connection of the pivot pin 42.

frame i2, as upon the bracket 59, and adapted to be frictionally driven through the pulley i upon the shaft 19 and the pulley 52 of the pump. This pump communicates with an oil reservoir 53 through the pipe 5 3. The pipe 55 and hose 56 in this form of the invention lead from the oil pump to a pipe 5? located within the reciprocating mast 44. v

A return pipe 53 connects the hose 56 with the reserve tank 53 and a valve 59- may be located in the pipe 58. A valve 80 may also be located in the pipe 55.

At a point spaced from the upper end of the reciprocating mast it, a head ,6] is fixed within the tubular mast 44 so that the upper portion 620i said mast comprises a cylinder within which is reciprocally mounted an auxiliary 'mast 63 in the form of a piston having cups or leathers 64 or other suitable packing means, surrounding its lower end portion. a I

The pipe 51 extends upward through a suitable aperture 65, in the center of the head 6|, so as to admit fluid pressure to the cylinder 62, beneath the rain or piston 63. The upper end of the auxiliary mast E53 has a central pin 66 fixed to its upper end and located through the disc El which is welded upon the lower end of the coil spring 68.

A disc 68 may be welded upon the upper end of the spring and bears against the closed top wall of the tubular sleeve H, which is slidably located through the bushing '12, fixed within the upper end of the tubular support 43 and surrounds the upper end of the mast.

A stop collar 13 is fixed around the exterior of the sleeve H, at a point spaced from the upper with the'bushing (12, to of the sleeve H and auxend thereof, for contact limit upward movement iliary mast 63.

A lug M is fixed upon one side of the sleeve '1 l and adapted to reciprocate within the longitudinal slot 15 in the supporting tube 43 to prevent rotation of the sleeve H relative to the tube 43.

A bracket it is fixed upon the upper end of the sleeve H and has journalled therein the sheave H over which the cable 18 is located, and if desired, an auxiliary sheave 19 may also be journalled in said bracket.

A sand sheave 84! may be journalled in a bracket 8i, located on one side of the supporting tube 43, to receive the cable 82 from thesandreel 21. The outer end of the cable '1 i a apte "the frame indicated to be connected to any conventional drilling tool, in usual and well-known manner, while the other end thereof passes down from the sheave ll, sub stantially parallel to the mast, around an idler pulley 83, journalled in the plate 84 and arms 85, and then over another idler pulley 86, journalled in the arms 85 and Bl, and thence to the drum 32.

For the purpose of varying the relation between the upstroke and downstroke of the mast, the bearings 38 may be adjustably mounted upon the frame [2. For this purpose, each bearing is carried upon a plate 88 having arcuate slots 89 therein, concentric with the sprocket wheel 34, for receiving clamping bolts 963 for locking the bearings in adjusted position.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the lower end of the tube 43 may be longitudinally slotted, as at 9!, to accommodate the pitman rod H and the hose 56. With this construction it will be seen that I the drilling machine is compact and occupies a minimum of floor space, so that it may be operated within a restricted space such as the pit at the bottom of an elevator shaft.

In the operation of the drilling machine, when the motor i4 is operated it will rotate the drive shaft 19, through the pulley l1, belt l6 and pulley l8. When the clutch 33 is thrown in, the pitman wheel 49 will be operated, through the sprocket Wheel 34, chain 35 and sprocket wheel 36, and through the pitman rod til the mast M will be continually reciprocated, reciprocating the sheave T! to raise and lower the'cable it to operate the drilling tool carried thereby, in usual manner. The coil spring68 acts as a cushion to absorb the shock of this operation.

When it is desired to raise the sheave I? to a greater height, in order to insert a new casing or to remove or replace the drilling tool, the oil pump 48 is operated to pump oil, through the pipe 55', hose 56 and pipe til, into the lower end of the cylinder 62, raising theauxiliary mast 63 to the desired height.

'Whenit is desired to operate the drum 32, the clutch 28 is thrown in and through the sprocket wheel 29, chain 3%? and sprocket wheel 3|, the drum may be'rotated to wind up the.

cable 18.

When it is desired to operate the sand-reel 2?, the clutch 23 is thrown in and through the sprocket wheel 25, chain 25 and sprocket wheel '26 the sand-reel is operated.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. i, generally at i2a may be the same as the frame shown in Figs. 1 to 3 and all of the driving mechanism may be as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The tubular support 63a is rigidly connected at its lower end to the frame lfia, and the tubular mast Ma is mounted for vertical reciprocation therein through the bushing iEa. The tubular mast 44a is in the form of a fluid cylinder and the oil pipe 5M communicates with the central opening 92 in the head 93 at the bottom thereof. a

The bifurcated bracket ite is fixed to the lower end of the. tubular mast 6 10i and the upper end of the pitman rod 3in is pivotally connected thereto, as indicated at Ma. The auxiliary mast 63a is mounted for longitudinal reciprocation within the tubular mast Ma, and through the bushing 94 in the upper end thereof, and it is in the form of a piston or ram having cups or leathers 95 or other suitable packing surround= ing its lower end.

The upper eno or the auxiliary mast 63a has a pin 66a centrally mounted thereon and located through a central opening in the disc 61a, welded to the lower end of the coil spring 68a. A disc 69a is welded to the upper end of the coil spring and seats against the upper, closed end a of the sleeve Ha, which is slidably located through the bushing 12a within the upper end of the tube 43a.

A stop collar 13a is fixed upon the sleeve Ho, for contact with the bushing 72a to limit the upward movement thereof, and a lug 74a is fixed upon one side of the sleeve Ha and slidably located within the longitudinal slot 15a in the tube 43a to prevent relative rotation.

A bracket 16a is fixed to the upper end of the sleeve Ha and carries the sheave Ila for the cable and an auxiliary sheave 79a, if desired. The sand-sheave 80a may be located in a bracket 8Ia, fixed to one side of the tubular support 43a near its upper end. The operation of this form of the invention will be the same as above described. I

In the modification shown in Fig. 5, the frame indicated generally at I 212 may be the same as the frame shown at l2 in Figs. 1 to 3 and all of the driving mechanism may be as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In this form of the invention the support tube 43b is rigidly connected at its lower end to the frame I21) and the reciprocating mast 44b is vertically, slidably mounted through the bushing 45b in the support tube.

A bifurcated bracket 46b is connected to the lower end of the reciprocating mast 44b and the upper end of the piston rod Mb is pivotally connected thereto as at 4117.

The sleeve 1lb, with closed upper end 16b, is slidably mounted within the upper end of the support tube 4322, through the bushing 72b therein, and surrounds the upper end portion of the mast 44b.

A coil spring 68b is interposed between the upper end of the mast 44b and the closed end 10b of the sleeve 'IIb, and, if desired, discs 61b and 69b may be connected to the lower and upper ends respectively of the spring. A sheave 17b and auxiliary sheave 151) may be mounted in the bracket 16b connected to the closed upper end of the sleeve H b.

A lug 74b may be fixed to one side of the sleeve Nb and is slidably operable within the longitudinal slot 15b in the support tube 43'?) to prevent rotation of the sleeve relative to the support tube. A sand pulley 802) may be mounted in a bracket Bib attached to one side of the support tube 43b near the upper end thereof.

The operation of the mast is the same as in the other forms described but no means is provided for raising the sheave 17b to an additional height as in the other forms of the invention.

Another modification is shown in Fig. 6 in which the frame, indicated generally at I20, may be the same as the frame shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and the driving mechanism may be the same as shown in said figures.

The lower end portion of the support tube 430 is rigidly mounted in the frame. This support tube is in the form of a fluid cylinder and the piston 96 is mounted for reciprocation in the lower portion of this cylinder and the piston has the spaced ears 46c attached to its lower end, and by means of the wrist pin 410 is attached to the pitman rod Ale.

The upper end of the cylinder 430 is provided with a head 91 through which is slidably mounted the mast 98 which is in the form of a fluid 0perated ram and provided with cups or leathers 99, or other suitable packing means, at its lower end.

The portion of the cylinder 430 between the piston 96 and the ram 98, as indicated at I00, is filled with oil or other fluid. A sleeve He may surround the upper end of the cylinder tube 430 and may be the same as the sleeve H in Figs. 1 to 3, having a coil spring interposed between the closed end of the sleeve and the upper end of the ram 98, and a bracket with sheave mounted upon the closed end of the sleeve, all as shown in detail in Fig. 3.

In the operation of this form of the invention, as the piston 96 is reciporcated by the pitman rod M0 the mast ram 98 will be reciprocated by the fluid in the cylinder #30. If it is desired to raise the mast to an additional height, an additional amount of fluid is admitted to the cylinder at the point 510 through the hose 560, from. the pump, in the manner shown and described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4.

Although the upright location of the frame and driving mechanism, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, is desirable where the drilling machine is to be used in a restricted space, such as the pit of an elevator shaft, it should be understood that the improved construction of mast and pitman wheel and pitman rod assembly, illustrated in the drawings and described above, are equally adapted for use with the conventional horizontally mounted driving mechanism.

I claim:

1. A drilling machine of the character described including a support frame, driving mechanism mounted in said frame and including a, pit man wheel, an upright support tube mounted upon said frame, a mast mounted for reciprocation within the frame, a pitman rod operatively connecting the pitman wheel to the lower end of the mast, a sleeve having a closed top, said sleeve being slidably the support tube and surrounding the upper end of the mast, a coil spring interposed between the upper end of the mast and the closed end of the sleeve, a sheave connected to the closed end of the sleeve and a cable extending over said sheave, an auxiliary mast section slidably mounted in the upper end of the mast and means for raising said auxiliary mast section relative to the mast.

2. A drilling machine of the character described including a support frame, driving mechanism mounted in said frame and including a pitman wheel, an upright support tube mounted upon said frame, a mast mounted for reciprocation within the frame, a pitman rod operatively connecting the pitman wheel to the lower end of the mast, a sleeve having a closed top, said sleeve being slidably mounted within the upper end of the support tube and surrounding the upper end of the mast, a coil spring interposed between the upper end of the mast and the closed end of the sleeve, a sheave connected to the closed end of the sleeve and a cable extending over said sheave, an auxiliary mast section slidably mounted in the upper end of the mast and fluid means for raising said auxiliary mast section relative to the mast.

3. A drilling machine of the character de scribed comprising a support frame, an upright support tube mounted upon the frame, a mast mounted for reciprocation within the tube, driving mechanism mounted in said frame and inmounted within the upper end of,

eluding a itman wheel journalled at a point spaced from a prolongation of the axis of the mast, a p-itman rod operatively connecting the pitman wheel to the lower end of the mast, a drive wheel operatively connected to the pitrnan wheel, the pitman wheel being so located with reference to the mast that on the upstroke the point of connection of the pitman red to the pitman Wheel will move upwardly and outwardly toward the prolongation of the axis of the mast and then upwardly and inwardly away therefrom, so as to produce a rapid upstroke of the mast, means for adjusting the position of the pitman wheel toward and from the prolongation of the axis of the mast in an arc concentric with the axis of the drive wheel so as to change the relative speeds of the upstroke and downstroke of the mast, a sheave carried by the upper end of the mast, and a cable extendingover said sheave.

4. A drilling machine of the character described comprising a support frame, an upright support tube mounted upon the frame, a mast mounted for reciprocation within the tube, driving mechanism mounted in said frame and including a pitman wheel journalled at a point spaced from a prolongation ofthe axisof the mast, a pitman rod operatively connecting the pitrnan wheel to the lower end of the mast, a drive wheel operatively connected-to the pitinan wheel, the pitrnan wheel being so located with reference to the mast that on the upstroke the 8 point of connection of the pitman rod to the pitman wheel will move upwardly and outwardly toward the prolongation of the axis of the mast and then upwardly and inwardly away therefrom, so as to produce a rapid upstroke of the mast, means for adjusting the position of the pitman wheel toward and from the prolongation of the axis of the mast in an arc concentric with the axis of the drive wheel so as to change the relative speeds of the upstroke and downstroke of the mast, means for adjusting the connection of the pitman rod to the pitrnan wheel so as to change the length and further change the relative speeds of the upstroke and downstroke of the mast, a sheave carried by the upper end of the mast, and a cable extending over the sheave. 1

WILBUR N. MARTIN.

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